An analysis of the ripple effect for disruptions occurring in circular flows of a supply chain network*

This paper examines the ripple effect in supply chains due to circular flows embedded chain design. Although are complex and nonlinear, exist real-world but often unknown or hidden managers. These when a Tier 2 supplier is also 3 (or higher) network. Additionally, network can occur customer same In presence of these types structures, may experience disruption propagation) which disruptions impact performance. Using structure, we examine on identify how this influences chain’s resilience disruptions. We offer managers researchers insights that improve understanding exacerbate effect.